Richard S. Hunter

Richard Sewall Hunter (1909–1991) was an American color scientist and founder of Hunter Associates Laboratory (HunterLab). He is best known as the inventor in 1942 of the Lab color space.

Hunter was awarded the David Richardson Medal in 1971.

Richard Hunter was born in Washington, DC on October 25, 1909 and lived his entire life in Northern, Virginia. He graduated from the old McKinley Technical High School in Washington, DC in 1927 and took the US Civil Service exam. He found employment, as a "minor Laboratory apprentice" in the colorimetry section of what was then the National Bureau of Standards, working with pioneers in the color measurement field like Dr. Deane B. Judd. At night he attended The George Washington University and, after studies at Johns Hopkins and MIT, he graduated from GWU in 1937.

It was at the Bureau he conceived the Lab color scale ("L" for lightness, zero to 100, "a" for red-green, roughly +50 to -50, and "b" for blue-yellow, again roughly -50 to +50) that was much easier for a layperson to comprehend than the XYZ scale scientists had developed to describe the human eye's, three dimensional response to color. The official, NBS circular documenting this development was published in 1942. In 1946, after WW II work on aimable signaling mirrors (the earlier ones had no way for the user to see where the flash was going) and aerial flares, he left the Bureau to join Gardiner Laboratories where he designed many instruments for the measurement of color and gloss.

He resigned from Gardiner in the summer of 1952 and opened Hunter Associates Laboratory (HunterLab) October 1, 1952 with 2 employees in the house in McLean, VA where he had grown up. Several months later his wife, Elizabeth, joined to manage the business aspects. He began HunterLab as a consulting company, usually building one or two instruments for a consulting customer. Over the years he designed instruments to score tomato puree for USDA Grade A rating, a citrus colorimeter for grading frozen orange juice for the Florida Citrus commission, gloss meters, a distinctness of image meter an on-line colorimeter and many other color and appearance measuring instruments.

The character of the company changed from consulting manufacturing when, in 1956, Procter & Gamble asked Mr. Hunter to build twenty-five of the colorimeters he developed for them in his development project number 25 (D25). From that point on HunterLab was a manufacturer and that business slowly grew over the years, moving to Fairfax, VA and, in 1979 to Reston, VA where it is headquartered today.

Richard Hunter had a long list of achievements during a career that spanned over 60 years. In addition to conceiving the Lab color scale and it's companion Delta E (color difference) scale, he wrote the text book, The Measurement of Color and Appearance, published in 1975 (revised in 1987). He was an active member of many organizations, including American Society for Testing Materials ASTM); The Optical Society of America (OSA); The Inter Society Color Council (ISCC), Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry (TAPPI) and the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology to name a few. He chaired numerous committees and served as President and board member of the ISCC from 1972 to 1974.

...
Wikipedia