Renault Billancourt engine
| Billancourt engine | |
|---|---|
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| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | Renault |
| Also called | Ventoux engine, B-Type engine |
| Production | 1947–1985 |
| Chronology | |
| Successor | Cléon-Fonte engine |
The Billancourt engine was an automotive engine designed by Renault for the Renault 4CV, used subsequently until 1985. It later received the internal code "B", for Billancourt. The "sport" version is called Ventoux engine.
The engine is liquid-cooled, with four cylinders in line. It is also characterised by its three main bearing design and its piston stroke of 80 mm. It has a cast-iron block, aluminium cylinder head and uses a lateral camshaft to operate overhead valves, which also operated the fan belt on its other end. In June 1940, Louis Renault appointed Fernand Picard who became deputy technical director in the automobile engine department. During the World War II, he participated in the study of a small car: the future 4CV. Its engine was ready in 1942 and a year later, it first turned a wheel. Renault replaced this engine with the Cléon-Fonte engine, a completely new design.
This engine designed by Fernand Picard was produced from 1947 to 1985, in displacements of 603 cc, 748 cc, 782 cc, and 845 cc. These differences were carried out by changing the cylinder bore diameter
Commercialized in 1947 with the Renault 4CV, the first version of the "engine Billancourt" was a 760 cm3 of 17 hp SAE. In 1950, a 21 hp SAE version was fitted to the Renault 4CV Grand Luxe, produced only in 1950.
In October 1950, the 747 cm3 replaced the 760 cm3. The slightly lower displacement was obtained by slightly reducing the size of the bore from 55 to 54.5 mm, while the stroke remained unchanged. This change was decided by the leaders of Renault in order to be able to use the engine in competitions where it was necessary to stay below 750 cm3 to homologate the car in its category. This new displacement offered six power levels, from 24 to 35 hp SAE, all of 4 Fiscal Hp.
In 1971, the 782 cm3 appeared with an increased bore, from 54.5 to 55.8 mm, always with an unchanged stroke of 80 mm. This engine was proposed in both variants developing 27 and 36 hp. The less powerful one was mounted under the hood of the Renault 4L produced between 1971 and 1980, while the variant developing 36 hp was used on the Renault 5 produced between 1972 and 1976.
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