Renal cyst

Renal cyst
Classification and external resources
ICD-10	N28
ICD-9-CM	593.2
eMedicine	med/453831
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A renal cyst or kidney cyst, is a fluid collection in or on the kidney. There are several types based on the Bosniak classification. The majority are benign, simple cysts that can be monitored and not intervened upon. However, some are cancerous or are suspicious for cancer and are commonly removed in a surgical procedure called nephrectomy.

Numerous renal cysts are seen in the cystic kidney diseases, which include polycystic kidney disease and medullary sponge kidney.

Up to 27 percent of individuals greater than 50 years of age may have simple renal cysts that cause no symptoms.

Renal cysts are classified as either malignant or benign using the Bosniak Classification System. The system was created by Dr. Morton Bosniak, a faculty member at the New York University Langone Medical Center in New York City.

The Bosniak classification categorizes renal cysts into five groups.

Category I

Category II

Category IIF

Category III

Category IV

Parapelvic cysts originate from around the kidney at the adjacent renal parenchyma, and plunge into the renal sinus. Peripelvic cysts are contained entirely within the renal sinus, possibly related to dilated lymphatic channels. When viewed on CT in absence of contrast, they can mimic hydronephrosis. If symptomatic, they can be laparoscopically decorticated - removal of the outer layer or cortex.

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