Raven Rock Mountain Complex
| Raven Rock Mountain Complex | |
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| "Ravenrock",Liberty Township, Adams County, Pennsylvania, United States | |
The Site R tunnel entrance with abutments (39°43′47″N 77°25′57″W / 39.729642°N 77.432468°W, white figure in illustration) now has a building that is visible from a public road intersection to the west, particularly when trees are bare. The tunnel's other (east) opening is near the military installation's above-ground support area near the Route 16 intersection with Jacks Mountain Road.
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| Coordinates | 39°44′02″N 077°25′10″W / 39.73389°N 77.41944°W (mountain summit)Coordinates: 39°44′02″N 077°25′10″W / 39.73389°N 77.41944°W (mountain summit) |
| Type | Nuclear bunker |
| Site information | |
| Owner | U.S. Government |
| Site history | |
| Built | 1951-1953 |
See also:
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 1952 tunnel photo
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Aerial photos
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locked gate and shack
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The Raven Rock Mountain Complex (RRMC) is an American military installation with an underground nuclear bunker near Blue Ridge Summit, Pennsylvania, at Raven Rock Mountain that serves as an "underground Pentagon" (colloq.). The bunker has emergency operations centers for the United States Army, Navy, and Air Force.
The installation's largest tenant unit is the Defense Threat Reduction Agency, and RRMC communications are the responsibility of the 114th Signal Battalion. The facility has 38 communications systems, and the Defense Information Systems Agency provides computer services at the complex. Additional names for the installation are Raven Rock Military Complex,National Military Command Center Reservation (NMCC-R), "Backup Pentagon", Site R, or "The Rock".
Site RT is the portion of the military installation with communication towers and buildings atop the mountain.
Raven Rock Mountain and the adjacent Jacks Mountain on the north were formed in the Ordovician Period geologic period, and Miney Branch flows west-to-east between them in the Potomac River Watershed. The 1820 Waynesboro-Emmitsburg Turnpike with toll station for the 1787 crossroad was constructed between the mountains, where the Fight at Monterey Gap was conducted after the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg (Stuart's artillery at Raven Rock Gap shelled Federal troops.) In 1870 copper ore was discovered to the north, and the nearby Fountain Dale Springs House was established in 1874. The scenic area's mountain recreation facilities to the west included the 1877 Pen Mar Park, the 1878 High Rock Tower, the 1885 Monterey Country Club, and several resorts (e.g., Blue Mountain House, Buena Vista Springs Hotels, & Washington Cliff House). The 1889 Jacks Mountain Tunnel on the Western Extension (Baltimore and Harrisburg Railway) was completed near Raven Rock Mountain, and nearby stations were at Blue Ridge Summit and Charmian. The Army's 1942 Camp Ritchie was built southwest of the resorts, and a local road was built eastward from Blue Ridge Summit and intersected the north-south Fountaindale-Sabillasville Road (the intersection now provides access to the RRMC main gate.)
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Wikipedia