Ralambo
| King of Imerina | |
|---|---|
| Reign | c. 1575–1612 |
| Predecessor | Andriamanelo |
| Successor | Andrianjaka |
| Born | Alasora |
| Died | c. 1612 Ambohidrabiby |
| Burial | Ambohidrabiby |
| Spouse | Rafotsitohina Ratsitohinina Rafotsiramarohavina Rafotsindrindra |
| Issue | Twelve sons (Andriantompokoindrindra, Andrianjaka, Andrianimpito, Andrianpanarivomanga, Andriantompobe, Rafidy, Andriamasoandro, Andriampontany, Andrianakotrina, Andriamanforalambo, Andriantsinompo, Andriampolofantsy) and three daughters (Ravololondralambo, Ravoamasina, unknown) |
| Dynasty | Hova dynasty |
| Father | Andriamanelo |
| Mother | Randapavola |
Ralambo was the ruler of the Kingdom of Imerina in the central Highlands region of Madagascar from 1575 to 1612. Ruling from Ambohidrabiby, Ralambo expanded the realm of his father, Andriamanelo, and was the first to assign the name of Imerina to the region. Oral history has preserved numerous legends about this king, including several dramatic military victories, contributing to his heroic and near-mythical status among the kings of ancient Imerina. The circumstances surrounding his birth, which occurred on the highly auspicious date of the first of the year, are said to be supernatural in nature and further add to the mystique of this sovereign.
Oral history attributes numerous significant and lasting political and cultural innovations to King Ralambo. He is credited with popularizing the consumption of beef in the Kingdom of Imerina and celebrating this discovery with the establishment of the fandroana New Year's festival which traditionally took place on the day of Ralambo's birth. According to legend, circumcision and polygamy were also introduced under his rule, as was the division of the noble class (andriana) into four sub-castes. Oral history furthermore traces the tradition of royal idols (sampy) in Imerina to the reign of Ralambo, who made heavy use of these supernatural objects to expand his realm and consolidate the divine nature of his sovereignty. Due to the enduring cultural legacy left by this king, Ralambo is often considered a key figure in the development of Merina cultural identity.
Born in the sacred highland village of Alasora to King Andriamanelo and Queen Randapavola, Ralambo was the only one of his parents' children to survive to adulthood. According to one legend, as a child he may have been known by the name Rabiby, being given the name Ralambo after successfully killing a particularly ferocious wild boar (lambo) in the woods. Another story attributes his name to a wild boar that walked past the threshold of the house where his mother was resting shortly after giving birth to him. However, both of these explanations are likely to have originated at some point after his reign; it is more probable that he took the name Ralambo after propagating the consumption of the meat of the zebu, called lambo in the proto-Malagasy language and the Malayo-Polynesian tongue from which it derived.
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