Pyriproxifen

Pyriproxyfen

Names
IUPAC names 4-Phenoxyphenyl (R/S)-2-(2-pyridyloxy)propyl ether 2-[1-(4-Phenoxyphenoxy)propan-2-yloxy]pyridine
Identifiers
CAS Number	95737-68-1 Y
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
ChEBI	CHEBI:39260 Y
ChemSpider	82851 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.102.814
KEGG	C18605 Y
PubChem CID	91753
UNII	3Q9VOR705O N
InChI InChI=1S/C20H19NO3/c1-16(23-20-9-5-6-14-21-20)15-22-17-10-12-19(13-11-17)24-18-7-3-2-4-8-18/h2-14,16H,15H2,1H3 Y Key: NHDHVHZZCFYRSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y InChI=1/C20H19NO3/c1-16(23-20-9-5-6-14-21-20)15-22-17-10-12-19(13-11-17)24-18-7-3-2-4-8-18/h2-14,16H,15H2,1H3 Key: NHDHVHZZCFYRSB-UHFFFAOYAG
SMILES O(c1ncccc1)C(COc3ccc(Oc2ccccc2)cc3)C
Properties
Chemical formula	C20H19NO3
Molar mass	321.38 g·mol−1
Appearance	Colorless crystals
Density	1.2 g/cm3
Melting point	48–50 °C (118–122 °F; 321–323 K)
Boiling point	318 °C (604 °F; 591 K)
Solubility in water	0.367 mg/L
Pharmacology
ATCvet code	QP53AX23 (WHO)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YN ?)
Infobox references

Pyriproxyfen is a pyridine-based pesticide which is found to be effective against a variety of arthropoda. It was introduced to the US in 1996, to protect cotton crops against whitefly. It has also been found useful for protecting other crops. It is also used as a prevention for flea control on household pets, for killing indoor and outdoor ants and roaches. Methods of application include aerosols, bait, carpet powders, foggers, shampoos and pet collars.

Pyriproxyfen is a juvenile hormone analog and an insect growth regulator. It prevents larvae from developing into adulthood and thus rendering them unable to reproduce.

In the US, pyriproxyfen is often marketed under the trade name Nylar. In Europe, pyriproxyfen is known under the brand names Cyclio (Virbac) and Exil Flea Free TwinSpot (Emax).

Pyriproxyfen has low acute toxicity. According to WHO and FAO, at elevated doses exceeding 5000 mg/kg of body weight, pyriproxyfen affects the liver in mice, rats and dogs. It also changes cholesterol levels, and may cause modest anemia at high doses.

Starting in 2014, pyriproxifen was put into Brazilian water supplies to fight the proliferation of mosquito larvae. This is in line with the World Health Organization (WHO)'s Pesticide Evaluation Scheme (WHOPES) for larvicides. In January 2016, the Brazilian Association for Collective Health (Abrasco; Portuguese: Associação Brasileira de Saúde Coletiva) criticized the introduction of pyriproxyfen in Brazil. Abrasco demanded the "immediate suspension of [use of] pyriproxyfen and all growth inhibitors ... in drinking water." The organization is opposed to the use of growth inhibitors in the context of an ongoing outbreak of fetal malformation.