Purpureocillium
| Purpureocillium | |
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| Divergent phialides and long, tangled chains of elliptical conidia borne from more complex fruiting structures characteristic of Purpureocillium lilacinum; magnification 460X. | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Ascomycota |
| Class: | Sordariomycetes |
| Order: | Hypocreales |
| Family: | Ophiocordycipitaceae |
| Genus: |
Purpureocillium Luangsa-ard, Hywel-Jones, Houbraken & Samson (2011) |
| Type species | |
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Purpureocillium lilacinum (Thom) Luangsa-ard, Hou- braken, Hywel-Jones & Samson (2011) |
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| Synonyms | |
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Paecillium Luangsa-ard, Hywel-Jones & Samson nom. prov. (2007) |
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Paecillium Luangsa-ard, Hywel-Jones & Samson nom. prov. (2007)
Penicillium lilacinum Thom (1910)
Penicillium amethystinum Wehmer (1923)
Spicaria rubidopurpurea Aoki (1941) Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson (1974)
Purpureocillium is a fungal genus in the Ophiocordycipitaceae family. The genus now contains 12 species with a representative species Purpureocillium lilacinum, a common saprobic, filamentous fungus. It has been isolated from a wide range of habitats, including cultivated and uncultivated soils, forests, grassland, deserts, estuarine sediments and sewage sludge, and insects. It has also been found in nematode eggs, and occasionally from females of root-knot and cyst nematodes. In addition, it has frequently been detected in the rhizosphere of many crops. The species can grow at a wide range of temperatures – from 8 to 38 °C (46 to 100 °F) for a few isolates, with optimal growth in the range 26 to 30 °C (79 to 86 °F). It also has a wide pH tolerance and can grow on a variety of substrates.P. lilacinum has shown promising results for use as a biocontrol agent to control the growth of destructive root-knot nematodes.
The species was originally described by American mycologist Charles Thom in 1910, under than name Penicillium lilacinum. Taxonomic synonyms include Penicillium amethystinum Wehmer and Spicaria rubidopurpurea Aoki. In 1974, Robert A. Samson transferred the species to Paecilomyces. Publications in the 2000s (decade) indicated that the genus Paecilomyces was not monophyletic, and that close relatives were Paecilomyces nostocoides, Isaria takamizusanensis and Nomuraea atypicola. The new genus Purpureocillium was created to hold the taxon. The generic name refers to the purple conidia produced by the fungus.
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