Prussian T 18
| Prussian T 18 DRG Class 78.0–5 PKP OKo 1 |
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78 468 in Dieringhausen Railway Museum
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| Number(s) | DRG 78 001–330, 78 351–528 |
| Quantity | 534 |
| Manufacturer | Stettiner Maschinenbau AG Vulcan |
| Year(s) of manufacture | 1912–1927 |
| Retired | 1975 |
| Wheel arrangement | 4-6-4T |
| Axle arrangement | 2′C2′ h2t |
| Type | Pt 37.17 |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) |
| Length over buffers | 14,800 mm (48 ft 6 5⁄8 in) |
| Empty weight | 83.2 tonnes (81.9 long tons; 91.7 short tons) |
| Service weight | 105.0 tonnes (103.3 long tons; 115.7 short tons) |
| Adhesive weight | 51.1 tonnes (50.3 long tons; 56.3 short tons) |
| Axle load | 17.0 tonnes (16.7 long tons; 18.7 short tons) |
| Top speed |
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| Indicated Power | 838 kW (1,139 PS; 1,124 hp) |
| Driving wheel diameter | 1,650 mm (5 ft 5 in) |
| Leading wheel diameter | 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) |
| Trailing wheel diameter | 1,000 mm (3 ft 3 3⁄8 in) |
| No. of cylinders | 2 |
| Cylinder bore | 560 mm (22 1⁄16 in) |
| Piston stroke | 630 mm (24 13⁄16 in) |
| Boiler Overpressure | 12 bar (1.20 MPa; 174 lbf/in2) |
| No. of heating tubes | 134 |
| No. of smoke tubes | 24 |
| Heating tube length | 4,700 mm (15 ft 5 in) |
| Grate area | 2.44 m2 (26.3 sq ft) |
| Radiative heating area | 13.04 m2 (140.4 sq ft) |
| Superheater area | 49.20 m2 (529.6 sq ft) |
| Evaporative heating area | 138.34 m2 (1,489.1 sq ft) |
| Brakes | Compressed-air brake |
The Prussian Class T 18s were the last tank locomotives developed for the Prussian state railways. They were originally intended for services on the island of Rügen as replacements for Class T 12 and T 10 engines. They emerged when a class of locomotive was conceived in 1912 that was to handle express and passenger trains in border areas or in shuttle services on short routes. A tank engine design with symmetrical running gear was envisaged because, unlike a tender locomotive, it could run equally fast forwards and backwards and could be operated on return journeys without having to be turned on a turntable. Its power and top speed were to be the same as those of the P 8. Robert Garbe designed this 4-6-4 (2'C2') tank locomotive for 100 km/h with a 17-ton axle load and contracted the Vulkan Werke in Stettin to build it. It was given the designation T 18.
A total of 534 engines were built from 1912 to 1927, mainly by the Stettiner Maschinenbau AG Vulcan and, from 1923, also by Henschel, of which 458 alone went to the Prussian state railways and, subsequently, the Deutsche Reichsbahn. The Royal Württemberg State Railways received 20 T 18s in 1919, the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine 27 also in 1919, the Saar Railway (Saarbahn) 27 between 1922–25 and the Eutin-Lübeck Railway (Eutin-Lübecker Eisenbahn) one in each of the years 1936 and 1939.
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