Proto-Australoids

Australoid (also Australasian, Australo-Melanesian, Veddoid,) is a broad racial classification used to refer to certain peoples indigenous to South and Southeast Asia and Oceania.

The Australoid type was held to have been common among Aboriginal Australians, Melanesians, the populations grouped as "Negrito" (the Andamanese, the Semang and Batek people, the Maniq people, the Aeta people, the Ati people, and various other ethnic groups in the Philippines), as well as certain tribes of India (including the Vedda of Sri Lanka, and a number of tribal populations in the interior of the Indian subcontinent). There is a long-standing hypothesis which derives Dravidians from an originally Australoid stock, a theory of which Biraja Sankar Guha was a proponent.

The group is characterised by high levels of Denisovan archaic admixture not found in other Eurasian populations.

The Australioid racial group was introduced by Thomas Huxley in an essay 'On the Geographical Distribution of the Chief Modifications of Mankind' (1870), in which he divided humanity into four principal groups (Xanthochroic, Mongoloid, Negroid, and Australioid). Huxley further classified the Melanochroi (Peoples of the Mediterranean race) as a mixture of the Xanthochroi (northern Europeans) and Australioids. Later writers dropped the first "i" in Australioid, establishing Australoid as the standard spelling.

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