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Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen

Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen
Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel
Caroline of Nassau-Usingen.jpg
Born (1762-04-04)4 April 1762
Biebrich, Nassau-Usingen
Died 17 August 1823(1823-08-17) (aged 61)
Rumpenheim, Hesse-Kassel
Spouse Landgrave Frederick of Hesse-Cassel
Issue Landgrave William of Hesse-Kassel
Karl Friedrich
Friedrich Wilhelm
Ludwig Karl
Georg Karl
Luise Karoline Marie Friederike
Marie, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
Princess Augusta, Duchess of Cambridge
Full name
German: Karoline Polyxena
House House of Nassau-Usingen
House of Hesse-Kassel
Father Karl Wilhelm, Prince of Nassau-Usingen
Mother Countess Caroline Felizitas of Leiningen-Dagsburg
Full name
German: Karoline Polyxena

Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen (German: Prinzessin Karoline Polyxena von Nassau-Usingen; 4 April 1762 – 17 August 1823) was the elder daughter of Karl Wilhelm, Prince of Nassau-Usingen, and wife of Landgrave Frederick of Hesse-Kassel.

Caroline was born at Biebrich, Nassau-Usingen the second child and first daughter of Karl Wilhelm, Prince of Nassau-Usingen (1735–1803), and his wife, Countess Caroline Felizitas of Leiningen-Dagsburg (1734–1810), daughter of Christian Karl Reinhard, Count of Leiningen-Dagsburg-Heidesheim.

Caroline, via her mother's roots among the Alsace lords of Leiningen, was a cousin of the Danish aristocrat, the Duke of Augustenborg, they both being direct descendants of the important Danish and Sleswicker magnate and statesman Frederik Ahlefeldt (), 1st HRR Reichsgraf zu Rixingen, 1st Lensgreve of Langeland (1623-1686). This Danish connection played a role in Caroline's marriage.

Caroline married on 2 December 1786 in Biebrich to Landgrave Frederick of Hesse-Kassel (1747–1837), youngest child of Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and Princess Mary of Great Britain, daughter of George II of Great Britain. The Landgrave and Prince Frederik was born a German (Hessian) aristocrat, a cadet son of a Landesfürstliche house, but had lived since his youth in Denmark, as had his two elder brothers. Frederik's two elder brothers married daughters of the deceased King of Norway and Denmark. However, there was no Danish royal daughter left to marry the youngest boy, Frederik, so he married a cousin of the Duke of Augustenborg, being Caroline of Nassau. Frederik was an infantry general in Danish service.


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