Princess Anle
| Princess Anle | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Born | 684 Fang Prefecture, Tang China |
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| Died | 21 July 710 (aged 26) | ||||||||
| Spouse | Wu Chongxun Wu Yanxiu |
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| Issue | one son | ||||||||
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| House | Tang Dynasty | ||||||||
| Father | Emperor Zhongzong of Tang | ||||||||
| Mother | Empress Wei | ||||||||
| Full name | |
|---|---|
| Li Guo'er | |
| Posthumous name | |
| 悖逆庶人 ("rebellious commoner") |
Princess Anle (安樂公主) (684? – 21 July 710), personal name Li Guo'er (李裹兒), was a princess of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty. She was the youngest daughter of Emperor Zhongzong and his wife Empress Wei. Popular history holds that she was doted upon heavily by her parents and siblings, which contributed to her later drive for power.
Eventually, after Emperor Zhongzong died in 710—a death that traditional historians assert was a poisoning carried out by Empress Wei and Li Guo'er (so that Empress Wei could reign and Li Guo'er could become crown princess) -- a coup led by Li Guo'er's cousin Li Longji the Prince of Linzi and Li Guo'er's paternal aunt Princess Taiping overthrew and killed Empress Wei and Li Guo'er.
Li Guo'er was the youngest of four children that Emperor Zhongzong (Li Zhe) had with his wife Empress Wei. She is said to have been born at a time when Li Zhe had, after a brief reign in 684, been deposed by his mother Empress Dowager Wu (later known as Wu Zetian), reduced to the title of Prince of Lulin, and exiled to Fang Prefecture (房州, in modern Shiyan, Hubei). He was replaced by his brother Li Dan the Prince of Yu (as Emperor Ruizong). Legend holds that at her birth, Li Zhe took off his shirt and wrapped her in it, thereafter she was named Guo'er (meaning "the child that was wrapped"). It is held that, as she was born in times of trouble, Guo'er was pampered by her parents and Empress Wei, in particular, favoured her when she became older, as she was beautiful and eloquent.
In 698, at the urging of the chancellor Di Renjie, Wu Zetian (who had taken the throne herself in 690, reducing Li Dan to the rank of crown prince) recalled Li Zhe to the capital. Li Dan offered to yield the position of crown prince to Li Zhe, and Wu Zetian agreed, creating Li Zhe crown prince (and subsequently changing his name, first to Li Xian, and then to Wu Xian). Sometime after the end of exile, Li Guo'er married Wu Chongxun (武崇訓) the Prince of Gaoyang, the son of Wu Zetian's nephew Wu Sansi the Prince of Liang.
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