Portable document format
Adobe PDF icon
|
|
| Filename extension | .pdf |
|---|---|
| Internet media type |
|
| Type code | 'PDF ' (including a single space) |
| Uniform Type Identifier (UTI) | com.adobe.pdf |
| Magic number | %PDF |
| Developed by | Adobe Systems |
| Initial release | June 15, 1993 |
| Latest release |
1.7
|
| Extended to | PDF/A, PDF/E, PDF/UA, PDF/VT, PDF/X |
| Standard | ISO 32000-1 |
| Open format? | Yes |
| Website | www |
| Filename extension | .fdf |
|---|---|
| Internet media type | application/vnd.fdf |
| Type code | 'FDF' |
| Developed by | Adobe Systems |
| Initial release | 1996 (PDF 1.2) |
| Extended from | |
| Extended to | XFDF |
| Standard | ISO 32000-1:2008 |
| Open format? | Yes |
| Filename extension | .xfdf |
|---|---|
| Internet media type | application/vnd.adobe.xfdf |
| Type code | 'XFDF' |
| Developed by | Adobe Systems |
| Initial release | July 2003 (referenced in PDF 1.5) |
| Latest release |
3.0
(August 2009) |
| Extended from | PDF, FDF, XML |
| Standard | No (under standardization as ISO/CD 19444-1) |
| Website | XFDF 3.0 specification |
The Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format used to present documents in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems. Each PDF file encapsulates a complete description of a fixed-layout flat document, including the text, fonts, graphics, and other information needed to display it.
A PDF file captures document text, fonts, images, and even formatting of documents from a variety of applications. You can e-mail a PDF document to your friend and it will look the same way on his screen as it looks on yours, even if he has a Mac and you have a PC.
PDF was developed in the early 1990s as a way to share computer documents, including text formatting and inline images. It was among a number of competing formats such as DjVu, Envoy, Common Ground Digital Paper, Farallon Replica and even Adobe's own PostScript format. In those early years before the rise of the World Wide Web and HTML documents, PDF was popular mainly in desktop publishing workflows. Adobe Systems made the PDF specification available free of charge in 1993. PDF was a proprietary format controlled by Adobe, until it was officially released as an open standard on July 1, 2008, and published by the International Organization for Standardization as ISO 32000-1:2008, at which time control of the specification passed to an ISO Committee of volunteer industry experts. In 2008, Adobe published a Public Patent License to ISO 32000-1 granting royalty-free rights for all patents owned by Adobe that are necessary to make, use, sell, and distribute PDF compliant implementations.
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