Pope Clement IX
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Pope Clement IX |
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| Bishop of Rome | |
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| Papacy began | 20 June 1667 |
| Papacy ended | 9 December 1669 |
| Predecessor | Alexander VII |
| Successor | Clement X |
| Orders | |
| Consecration | 29 March 1644 by Antonio Marcello Barberini |
| Created Cardinal | 9 April 1657 by Pope Alexander VII |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Giulio Rospigliosi |
| Born |
28 January 1600 Pistoia, Grand Duchy of Tuscany |
| Died | 9 December 1669 (aged 69) Rome, Papal States |
| Previous post |
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| Motto | Aliis non sibi Clemens ("Clement to others, not to himself") |
| Coat of arms |  |
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Papal styles of Pope Clement IX |
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| Reference style | His Holiness |
| Spoken style | Your Holiness |
| Religious style | Holy Father |
| Posthumous style | None |
Pope Clement IX (Latin: Clemens IX; 28 January 1600 – 9 December 1669), born Giulio Rospigliosi, was Pope from 20 June 1667 to his death in 1669.
Giulio Rospigliosi was born in 1600 to the Rospigliosi family, a noble family of Pistoia in the Grand Duchy of Tuscany to Giacomo and Caterina Rospigliosi. He studied at the Seminario Romano and later at the University of Pisa as a pupil of the Jesuits. He would receive doctorates in theology, philosophy and both canon and civil law in 1623. After receiving his doctorates, he taught theology there as a professor from 1623 to 1625.
Later Rospigliosi worked closely with Pope Urban VIII (1623–1644) where he worked in the diplomatic corps as the Referendary of the Apostolic Signatura. He was appointed as the Titular Archbishop of Tarsus in 1644 and later received episcopal consecration in the Vatican. Rospigliosi also served as the Apostolic Nuncio to Spain from 1644 until 1653 when he decided to retire from that post. He lived in retirement throughout the pontificate of Pope Innocent X who disliked and distanced himself from those associated with his predecessor. He was also made vicar of Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome.
Rospigliosi was an accomplished man of letters who wrote poetry, dramas and libretti, as well as what may be the first comic opera, namely his 1637 libretto Chi soffre, speri. He was also a patron of Nicolas Poussin, commissioning A Dance to the Music of Time from him and dictating its iconography.
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