Pilot Knob (Iron County, Missouri)
| Pilot Knob | |
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Pilot Knob. Note distinctive summit formation. (1998)
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| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,470 ft (450 m) |
| Coordinates | 37°37′10″N 90°37′33″W / 37.6194946°N 90.625956°WCoordinates: 37°37′10″N 90°37′33″W / 37.6194946°N 90.625956°W |
| Geography | |
| Location | Iron County, Missouri, U.S. |
| Parent range | Saint Francois Mountains |
| Topo map | USGS Lake Killarney |
| Pilot Knob National Wildlife Refuge | |
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IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area)
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 Map of the United States
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| Location | Iron County, Missouri, United States |
| Area | 90 acres (0.36 km2) |
| Established | 1987 |
| Governing body | U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service |
| Website | Pilot Knob National Wildlife Refuge |
Pilot Knob is located in the Arcadia Valley of Iron County, Missouri between the towns of Ironton, Missouri and Pilot Knob, Missouri. Pilot Knob, so named because of its distinctive shape and prominent position, reaches an elevation of 1,470 feet (450 m) rising 581 feet (177 m) above the Arcadia Valley floor and has a large deposit of iron ore in its upper regions. Pilot Knob in one peak in the St. Francois Mountains.
The mountain was heavily mined in the 19th century, leaving many open mine shafts. The summit of the mountain consists of the 90-acre (36 ha) Pilot Knob National Wildlife Refuge which is the home for nearly 1⁄3 of the world's population of Indiana bats. The bats hibernate in the abandoned mine shafts. Pilot Knob Ore Company donated the land, after ceasing its mining operations, on July 22, 1987, for conservation purposes. Currently the Pilot Knob National Wildlife Refuge is closed to the public to protect habitat for the endangered Indiana bat. Also there is an eight-foot-tall (2.44 meters) chain link fence around 40 acres (16 ha) of the land for safety reasons, keeping individuals away from the open mine shafts.
The rock formation is approximately 1450 million years old.
Based on notes and writings of three individuals who traveled with a band of Spanish Conquistadors and explorers, the first Europeans to see the Arcadia Valley and Pilot Knob would have been Hernando DeSoto and his army as it crossed Missouri in September 1541. Specifically, the date being September 7. They reportedly crossed some mountains and came into the region where Ironton is now located. There they found a good salt spring for making of salt cakes. The next day the army's stragglers caught up to the main body where Pilot Knob is now located. The following day de Soto's band departed the area, moving towards present day Lesterville.
By 1800 members of the Algonquian peoples of Native Americans (Indians) had moved into the area with a village of the Delaware Tribe established at the base of Pilot Knob. This village existed as late as 1819. In the late 1830s during the infamous forced relocation march named the Trail of Tears the Cherokee Tribe came through the valley.
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Wikipedia