Pholiotina
| Pholiotina | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Bolbitiaceae |
| Genus: |
Pholiotina Fayod (1889) |
| Type species | |
|
Pholiotina vexans (P. D. Orton) Bon (1991) |
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| Species | |
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Pholiotina is a genus of small agaric fungi. It was circumscribed by Swiss mycologist Victor Fayod in 1889 for Conocybe-like species with partial veils. The genus has since been expanded to include species lacking partial veils.
The genus Pholiotina is defined as small thin Mycena-like mushrooms, with an hymenoderm pileipellis, a dry cap surface, cystidia that are sub-capitate to blunt, and spores which are rusty brown in deposit. Spores of mushrooms of this genus are thick walled, smooth and have a germ pore.
Victor Fayod designated Pholiotina blattaria as the type species of Pholiotina, but this name was used for many different species of Pholiotina with partial veils and it is unclear which species is really P. blattaria, which makes it a nomen dubium. He designated a lectotype for this species in the same publication, and microscopic examination revealed that this specimen belongs to the species P. vexans, making P. vexans the current type species of Pholiotina.
Some authors considered Pholiotina part of the genus Conocybe. However, a molecular phylogenetics study has shown that, while Pholiotina as currently defined is polyphyletic, the three clades that have been placed in Pholiotina are more closely related to other genera than to Conocybe. The two genera can be distinguished microscopically: Pholiotina contains a differentiated central zone called a mediostratum that is lacking in Conocybe. Additionally, most Pholiotina species have cystidia with rounded to tapered tips, compared to the enlarged, globular cystidial tips of Conocybe.
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