Phlebotomus
| Phlebotomus | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| A male Phlebotomus fly | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Diptera |
| Family: | Psychodidae |
| Subfamily: | Phlebotominae |
| Genus: |
Phlebotomus Loew 1845 |
| Species | |
|
P. alexandri |
|
P. alexandri
P. ariasi
P. azizi
P. balcanicus
P. brevis
P. chabaudi
P. kyreniae
P. langeroni
P. longicuspis
P. longiductus
P. major
P. mascittii
P. papatasi
P. perfiliewi
P. perniciosus
P. riouxi
P. sergenti
P. simici
P. tobbi
Phlebotomus is a genus of "sand flies" in the Diptera family Psychodidae. In the past, they have sometimes been considered to belong in a separate family, Phlebotomidae, but this alternative classification has not gained wide acceptance.
In the Old World, Phlebotomus sand flies are primarily responsible for the transmission of leishmaniasis, an important parasitic disease, while transmission in the New World, is generally via sand flies of the genus Lutzomyia. The protozoan parasite itself is a species of the genus Leishmania. Leishmaniasis normally finds a mammalian reservoir in rodents and other small animals such as canids (canine leishmaniasis) and hyraxes. The female sand fly carries the Leishmania protozoa from infected animals after feeding, thus transmitting the disease, while the male feeds on plant nectar.
The parasite Leishmania donovani is the main causative agent of VL in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh, where it is transmitted by the sand flies of the species Phlebotomus argentipes. This species of sand flies was on the brink of elimination in India during the 1960s following the widespread use of DDT for malaria control. However, there was a resurgence in their population a decade later.
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Wikipedia