Philippe the Bold

Philip the Bold
Duke of Burgundy
Reign	1363 – 27 April 1404
Predecessor	John the Good
Successor	John the Fearless
Born	17 January 1342 Pontoise, France
Died	27 April 1404 (aged 62) Halle, County of Hainaut
Spouse	Margaret III, Countess of Flanders
Issue	John the Fearless Margaret of Burgundy Anthony, Duke of Brabant Philip II, Count of Nevers
House	Valois-Burgundy
Father	John II of France
Mother	Bonne of Bohemia

Philip the Bold (French: Philippe le Hardi, Dutch: Filips de Stoute; 17 January 1342 – 27 April 1404, Halle) was Duke of Burgundy (as Philip II) and jure uxoris Count of Flanders (as Philip II), Artois and Burgundy (as Philip IV). The fourth and youngest son of King John II of France and his wife, Bonne of Luxembourg, Philip was the founder of the Burgundian branch of the House of Valois. His vast collection of territories made him the undisputed premier peer of the kingdom of France and made his successors formidable rivals of the kings of France.

Born in Pontoise in 1342, Philip gained his cognomen the Bold at the age of 14, when he fought beside his father at the Battle of Poitiers of 1356 and they were captured by the English. He remained in the custody of the English with his father until the terms of their ransom were agreed to in the Treaty of Brétigny of 1360. He was created Duke of Touraine in 1360, but in 1363, he returned this title to the crown to receive instead the Duchy of Burgundy in apanage from his father as a reward for his courage at the Battle of Poitiers. His father had been the ruler of the duchy since the death of Duke Philip I in 1361. Philip would rule the duchy as Philip II until his death. He was actually the stepbrother of Philip I of Burgundy, whose mother Joan was married to King John II of France, Philip the Bold's father, as his second wife.

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