Philip II, Margrave of Baden-Baden

Philip II, Margrave of Baden-Baden
Margrave Philip II of Baden
Noble family	House of Zähringen
Father	Philibert, Margrave of Baden-Baden
Mother	Mechthild of Bavaria
Born	(1559-02-19)19 February 1559 Baden-Baden
Died	7 June 1588(1588-06-07) (aged 29) Baden-Baden

Margrave Philip II of Baden (born 19 February 1559 in Baden-Baden; died: 7 June 1588 in Baden-Baden), was from 1571 to 1588 Margrave of the Margraviate of Baden-Baden. He was the son of the Protestant Margrave Philibert of Baden-Baden and the Catholic Mechthild of Bavaria.

Philip's father, Philibert, died in early in October 1569 during the Battle of Montcontour. The 10-year-old Philip and his one-year older sister Jakobea were then raised by their guardian, his uncle Albert V of Bavaria. Albert gave Philip a strictly Catholic education. At the University of Ingolstadt, Philip was educated in the spirit of the Counter Reformation.

Philibert had promised his subjects freedom of religion, but after his death, this freedom was more and more restricted by his widow and his son, who were strongly influenced by their Catholic upbringing. Even during the regency of his uncle and guardian Duke Albert V, the Catholic rite was reintroduced Margraviate of Baden-Baden in the years 1570/71. After he took up government, Philip's first decree was that all citizens of Baden-Baden had to visit church services, under threat of severe penalties.

Philip dismantled the New Castle at Baden-Baden (the one built in 1579) and built a more magnificent, Renaissance style, castle on the same spot. This increased his debts considerably. An inventory made in 1582 brought to light, in addition to 218 musical instruments, a debt of 200000guilders. Philip tried to recude these debts by rearraging the commercial sector and increasing taxes. Thus, the economy of the margraviate gradually came to resemble a planned economy.