Pha Muang
| Pha Muang ผาเมือง |
|
|---|---|
| Prince of Sukhothai | |
| Spouse |
Singkhondevi Naovarongdevi |
| House | Srinaonamthum Dynasty |
| Father | King Srinaonamthum |
Pha Mueang (full name Pho Khun Pha Mueang, Thai: พ่อขุนผาเมือง; late 13th century – mid 14th century) was a Thai nobleman and general who was the Lord of Rad and played a significant role in the founding of the Sukhothai Kingdom.
Pha Mueang is said to be a descendant of Nam Thum, a hero whose name is mentioned in the legends of many Tai peoples. Pha Mueang's ultimate origin is described by his grandfather in the so-called "Inscription II": he is the ruler of a city-state called Mueang Rat (เจ้าเมืองราด). The location of Mueang Rat is disputed. Many believe that it could be found in the valley of the Pasak. Therefore, the inhabitants of the Phetchabun district Lom Sak built a large statue of Pha Mueang (อนุสาวรีย์พ่อขุนผาเมือง). The historian Alexander Brown Griswold, however, is of the opinion that Mueang Rat must have been located in the valley of the Nan River near Uttaradit due to geographical characteristics.
The "God of Sri Mueang Sodharapura" (God: ผีฟ้า, corresponding to Skt Deva raja), the king of Angkor, bestowed the titles of "Sri Indraditya" together with the "sword of victory" (Phrasaeng Chaisri, พระแสงชัยศรี) upon Pha Mueang and he additionally received the Khmer title "Kamrateng At Pha Mueang". At the same time he was given Nang Sikhara Mahadevi, a "daughter" of the king. An "oath of loyalty" to Angkor was probably demanded as well.
Little is known of the history of Bang Klang Hao (full name: Pho Khun Bang Hao, พ่อขุนบางกลางหาว). He was a friend and ally of Pha Mueang. Bang Klang Hao was ruler of the city-state Mueang Bang Yang (เจ้าเมืองบางยาง), its location also unknown. Griswold suspected it was located somewhere between Mueang Rat and Mueang Si Satchanalai, possibly even at today's Ban Yang, which is situated about seven kilometres south of New Sukhothai.
After Jayavarman VII died in 1220, the power of Angkor dwindled in the northwestern regions. The commander Khom Samat Klon Lamphong (ขอมสมาดโขลญลำพง) held an outpost of the Khmer Empire in Sukhothai.
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