Björn Peter Gärdenfors (born September 21, 1949) is a professor of cognitive science at the University of Lund, Sweden. He is a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Letters, History and Antiquities and recipient of the Gad Rausing Prize (Swedish: Rausingpriset). He received his doctorate from Lund University in 1974; his thesis title was "Group Decision Theory". Internationally, he is one of Sweden's most notable philosophers. In 2009, he was elected a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences. In 2014 Björn Peter Gärdenfors was awarded a Senior Fellowship of the Zukunftskolleg at the University of Konstanz.
His son Simon Gärdenfors is a famous cartoonist and rapper.