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Petar II Petrovic Njegos

Petar II Petrović-Njegoš
Petar II Petrovic-Njegos.jpg
Petar II Petrović-Njegoš, c. 1851
Born Radivoje Petrović
13 November [O.S. 1 November] 1813
Njeguši, Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro
Died 31 October [O.S. 19 October] 1851 (aged 37)
Cetinje, Prince-Bishopric of Montenegro
Era 19th century
Region Balkans
School Classicism, Romanticism, Serbian epic poetry
Main interests
Drama, epic poetry, philosophical literature
Notable ideas
The Mountain Wreath (1847)

Petar II Petrović-Njegoš (Serbian Cyrillic: Петар II Петровић-Његош, pronounced [pêtar drûɡiː pětroʋit͡ɕ ɲêɡoʃ]; 13 November [O.S. 1 November] 1813 – 31 October [O.S. 19 October] 1851), commonly referred to simply as Njegoš, was a Prince-Bishop (vladika) of Montenegro, poet and philosopher whose works are widely considered some of the most important in Montenegrin and Serbian literature. Njegoš is regarded as the most eloquent and renowned of Serbian poets in the nineteenth century, according to Jovan Skerlić, one of the most influential critics in Serbia and in Serbian lands.

Njegoš was born in the village of Njeguši, near Montenegro's then-capital Cetinje. He was educated at several Montenegrin monasteries, and became the country's spiritual and political leader following the death of his uncle Petar I. After eliminating all initial domestic opposition to his rule, he concentrated on uniting Montenegro's tribes and establishing a centralized state. He introduced regular taxation, formed a personal guard and implemented a series of new laws to replace those composed by his predecessor many years earlier. His taxation policies proved extremely unpopular with the Montenegrin tribes, and were the cause of several revolts during his lifetime. Njegoš's reign was also defined by constant political and military struggle with the Ottoman Empire, and his attempts to expand Montenegro's territory while gaining unconditional recognition from the Sublime Porte. He was a proponent of uniting and liberating the Serb people, willing to concede his princely rights in exchange for a union with Serbia and his recognition as the religious leader of all Serbs (akin to a modern-day Patriarch of the Serbian Orthodox Church). Although unification between the two states did not occur during his lifetime, Njegoš laid some of the foundations of Yugoslavism and introduced modern political concepts to Montenegro.


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