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Perth, Perthshire

Perth
Ice forming on the Tay - geograph.org.uk - 1638366.jpg
River Tay running through Perth
Coa Scotland Town Perth big.svg
Coat of arms of Perth
Perth is located in Perth and Kinross
Perth
Perth
Perth shown within Perth and Kinross
Population 47,180 (est. 2012), excluding suburbs
OS grid reference NO115235
Council area
Lieutenancy area
Country Scotland
Sovereign state United Kingdom
Post town PERTH
Postcode district PH1-PH3; PH14
Dialling code 01738
Police Scottish
Fire Scottish
Ambulance Scottish
EU Parliament Scotland
UK Parliament
Scottish Parliament
List of places
UK
Scotland
56°23′49″N 3°26′13″W / 56.397°N 3.437°W / 56.397; -3.437Coordinates: 56°23′49″N 3°26′13″W / 56.397°N 3.437°W / 56.397; -3.437

Perth (/ˈpɜːrθ/; Scottish Gaelic: Peairt [ˈpʰɛuɾt̪]) is a city in central Scotland, located on the banks of the River Tay. It is the administrative centre of Perth and Kinross council area and the historic county of Perthshire. According to the preliminary 2011 census results Perth, including its immediate suburbs, has a population of 50,000. Perth has been known as The Fair City since the publication of the story Fair Maid of Perth by Scottish writer Sir Walter Scott in 1828. During the later medieval period the city was also called St John's Toun or Saint Johnstoun by its inhabitants in reference to the main church dedicated to St John the Baptist. This name is preserved by the city's football team, St Johnstone F.C.

There has been a settlement at Perth since prehistoric times, on a natural mound raised slightly above the flood plain of the Tay, where the river could be crossed at low tide. The area surrounding the modern city is known to have been occupied since Mesolithic hunter-gatherers arrived more than 8000 years ago. Nearby Neolithic standing stones and circles also exist, dating from about 4000 BC, following the introduction of farming in the area.


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