Pentagon Barracks
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Pentagon Barracks
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| Location | North Riverside Mall, Baton Rouge, Louisiana |
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| Coordinates | 30°27′19″N 91°11′20″W / 30.45528°N 91.18889°WCoordinates: 30°27′19″N 91°11′20″W / 30.45528°N 91.18889°W |
| Built | 1819-1822 |
| Architect | Gadsden, Capt. James; Hill, John |
| NRHP reference # | 73000863 |
| Added to NRHP | July 26, 1973 |
The Pentagon Barracks is a complex of buildings located at State Capitol Drive at River Road in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, in the grounds of the state capitol. The site was used by the Spanish, French, British, Confederate States Army, and United States Army and was part of the short-lived Republic of West Florida. During its use as a military post the site has been visited by such notable figures as Lafayette, Robert E. Lee, George Custer, Jefferson Davis, and Abraham Lincoln.
Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville visited the area circa 1700. France retained Baton Rouge until the British took control of the city in 1763.
In 1779, during the American Revolutionary War, the British erected a dirt Fort New Richmond on the banks of the Mississippi River. Bernardo de Gálvez, Spanish Governor of Louisiana, arrived at Baton Rouge on 20 September 1779 and found three hundred British troops garrisoning Fort New Richmond. In the Battle of Baton Rouge (1779), engineers under Spanish Governor Gálvez quickly constructed a siege line, enabling the Spanish troops to shell Fort Richmond; the British surrendered the next day. The Spanish garrisoned the fortification and renamed it Fort San Carlos.
American and remaining British settlers in Louisiana resisted Spanish control and rebelled in 1810 to establish the Republic of West Florida. They flew their Bonnie Blue Flag over Fort San Carlos throughout the republic's short three-month life. The Republic surrendered the city of Baton Rouge to United States authorities on December 10, 1810.
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