This is a list of idioms that were recognizable to literate people in the late-19th century, and have become unfamiliar since.
As the article list of idioms in the English language notes, a list of idioms can be useful, since the meaning of an idiom cannot be deduced by knowing the meaning of its constituent words. See that article for a fuller discussion of what an idiom is, and what it is not. In addition, the often-obscure references or shared values that lie behind an idiom will themselves lose applicability over time, although the surviving literature of the period relies on their currency for full understanding.
Wood, James, ed. (1907). The Nuttall Encyclopædia. London and New York: Frederick Warne.