Paramethadione

Paramethadione

Clinical data
AHFS/Drugs.com	Micromedex Detailed Consumer Information
Pregnancy category	US: D (Evidence of risk)
ATC code	N03AC01 (WHO)
Pharmacokinetic data
Protein binding	Not significant
Identifiers
IUPAC name (RS)-5-Ethyl-3,5-dimethyl-oxazolidine-2,4-dione
CAS Number	115-67-3 Y
PubChem CID	8280
IUPHAR/BPS	7261
DrugBank	DB00617 Y
ChemSpider	7979 Y
UNII	Z615FRW64N
KEGG	D00495 Y
ChEMBL	CHEMBL1100 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.003.726
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C7H11NO3
Molar mass	157.167 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
Chirality	Racemic mixture
SMILES O=C1N(C(=O)OC1(C)CC)C
InChI InChI=1S/C7H11NO3/c1-4-7(2)5(9)8(3)6(10)11-7/h4H2,1-3H3 Y Key:VQASKUSHBVDKGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y

Paramethadione (brand name Paradione) is an anticonvulsant in the oxazolidinedione class developed by the Illinois-based pharmaceutical company Abbott Laboratories (known as AbbVie since January 1, 2013 ), and approved by the Food and Drug Administration in 1949 for the treatment of absence seizures, also called partial seizures.

In 1960, the yearly cost for 900 mg/day paramethadione was approximately $66, which would translate to $462 yearly in 2007 (with CPI inflation) if paramethadione was still sold.

Paramethadione acts to reduce T-type calcium currents in thalamic neurons which has been proposed to underlie the 3-Hz spike-and-wave discharge seen on electroencephalogram (EEG) during absence seizures.

Paramethadione is associated with various adverse effects including sedation, increased visual sensitivity to light, GI distress, edema, nephropathy, neutropenia, myasthenia gravis-like syndrome, fatal aplastic anemia, and severe birth defects known as fetal trimethadione syndrome (or paramethadione syndrome).

Paramethadione (brand name Paradione) was originally approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1949, as a second-line treatment for petit mal and absence seizures. Paramethadione was ultimately discontinued in 1994 due to safety and efficacy concerns, such as being associated with fetal trimethadione syndrome, which is also known as paramethadione syndrome.

Paramethadione was first patented in 1949 (U.S. Patent 2,575,693) by Abbott Laboratories. Abbott Labbortories continued to hold the patent to paramethadione until the approval was withdrawn in 2004 due to the drug no longer being in use.