Papal conclave, 1431
Coat of arms during the vacancy of the Holy See
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| Dates and location | |
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| 2–3 March 1431 Santa Maria sopra Minerva, Papal States |
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| Key officials | |
| Dean | Giordano Orsini |
| Protopriest | Antonio Panciera |
| Protodeacon | Alfonso Carillo de Albornoz |
| Election | |
| Ballots | 1 |
| Elected Pope | |
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Gabriele Condulmer Name taken: Eugene IV |
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Papal conclave 1431 (March 2–3, 1431) convened after the death of Pope Martin V, elected as his successor cardinal Gabriele Condulmer, who took the name Eugene IV. It was the first papal conclave held after the end of the Great Western Schism.
Pope Martin V died on February 20, 1431. At the time of his death, there were 20 publicly known members of the College of Cardinals, but only 18 were considered to be valid electors. 14 of them participated in the conclave:
The Council of Constance confirmed the cardinals created by all three obediences of the time of Schism. Seven participants were named cardinal by Pope Martin V, three by "Pisan" Antipope John XXIII, two by "Roman" Pope Gregory XII, one by "Roman" Pope Innocent VII and one by Antipope Benedict XIII of Avignon.
Four electors did not participate in this conclave:
All the absentee electors were created by Martin V, except Pierre de Foix, who was elevated by Pisan Antipope John XXIII.
Pope Martin V initiated the custom of creating cardinals without publishing their names at the time (similar to in pectore). At the time of his death the names of two of his secret nominees remained unpublished and, therefore, they were not regarded as members of the Sacred College. They were Juan Casanova, administrator of Elne, and Guillaume Ragenel de Montfort, bishop of Saint-Malo, and they both were later created again by Eugene IV. However, also two cardinals created initially in pectore but later published were not allowed to participate in this conclave, because some necessary rites had not been accomplished at the death of Martin V:
The Mass of the Holy Spirit was sung on Thursday March 1, 1431 by Cardinal Giordano Orsini, the Bishop of Albano, prior Cardinalium. On March 2 all cardinals present in Rome entered the conclave in Santa Maria sopra Minerva. On 2 March, the electors prepared and subscribed the conclave capitulation. The terms of the Capitulation, which contained at least eight clauses, included:
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