Pantoea agglomerans
| Pantoea agglomerans | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Proteobacteria |
| Class: | Gamma Proteobacteria |
| Order: | Enterobacteriales |
| Family: | Enterobacteriaceae |
| Genus: | Pantoea |
| Binomial name | |
|
Pantoea agglomerans (Ewing and Fife 1972) Gavini et al. 1989 |
|
| Type strain | |
| ATCC 27155 CCUG 539 CDC 1461-67 CFBP 3845 CIP 57.51 DSM 3493 ICPB 3435 ICMP 12534 JCM 1236 LMG 1286 NCTC 9381 |
|
| Synonyms | |
|
Enterobacter agglomerans Ewing and Fife 1972 |
|
Enterobacter agglomerans Ewing and Fife 1972
Bacillus agglomerans Beijerinck 1888
Erwinia herbicola (Löhnis 1911) Dye 1964
Bacterium herbicola Löhnis 1911
Bacterium herbicola Geilinger 1921
Pseudomonas herbicola (Geilinger 1921) de’Rossi 1927
Corynebacterium beticola Abdou 1969
Pseudomonas trifolii Huss
Pantoea agglomerans is a Gram-negative bacterium that belongs to the family Enterobacteriaceae.
Formerly called Enterobacter agglomerans or Erwinia herbicola, it is an ubiquitous bacterium commonly isolated from plant surfaces, seeds, fruit, and animal or human feces.
Research has shown that Pantoea agglomerans can serve as a plant pathogen competitor for the management of plant diseases. Fire blight, a plant disease caused by bacterium Erwinia amylovora, is commonly found in pear and apple crops. After coming in contact with Erwinia amylovora, Pantoea agglomerans produces antibiotic properties that are toxic to the fire blight-inducing bacterium. It has been identified that it is possible that habitat modification or exclusion may also play a role in the effectiveness of the antibiosis of the fire blight biological control.
Environmental factors influencing the growth and spread of Pantoea agglomerans include winter chilling, good sunlight exposure and quality air circulation. In order for fruit-bearing trees, such as apple and pear trees, which are common Pantoea agglomerans hosts, to bloom, it is essential that they receive a period of chilling to revive them from their dormant state in the following Spring. In terms of sunlight exposure, fruit trees generally grow best in warm, moist and well-lit environments, thus Pantoea agglomerans must also be able to survive under these conditions if it hopes to infect healthy plant hosts. Additionally, since Pantoea agglomerans is an aerobic bacterium, it requires a certain level of air circulation in order to survive.
Pantoea agglomerans is found in the gut of locusts. The locusts have adapted to use the guaiacol produced by Pantoea agglomerans to initiate the synchronized swarming of locusts.
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