Ottoman-Hungarian Wars

Ottoman–Hungarian Wars
Hungarian defenders in Belgrade (1456) part of the Ottoman Wars in Europe
Date 1366 to 1526+ Location Balkans and Kingdom of Hungary Result Ottoman victory, Hungarian Kingdom partitioned
Belligerents
Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia  Wallachia  Moldavia Serbian Despotate	Ottoman Empire Vassal: Serbian Despotate
Commanders and leaders
King of Hungary Voivode of Wallachia Voivode of Moldavia	Ottoman Sultan
Strength
~20,000–60,000	Capable of raising 100,000 men

Ottoman Empire
Vassal:

The Ottoman–Hungarian Wars were a series of battles between the Ottoman Empire and the medieval Kingdom of Hungary. Following the Byzantine Civil War, the Ottoman capture of Gallipoli and the decisive Battle of Kosovo, the Ottoman Empire seemed poised to conquer the whole of the Balkans. However, the Ottoman invasion of Serbia drove Hungary to war against the Ottomans, competing for the vassalship of the states of Serbia, Wallachia and Moldavia.

Initial Hungarian success culminated in the Crusade of Varna, though without significant outside support the Hungarians were defeated. Nonetheless the Ottomans suffered more defeats at Belgrade, even after the conquest of Constantinople. In particular, the infamous Vlad the Impaler who, with limited Hungarian help, resisted Ottoman rule until the Ottomans placed his brother, a man less feared and less hated by the populace, on the throne of Wallachia. Ottoman success was once again halted at Moldavia due to Hungarian intervention, but the Turks finally succeeded when Moldavia and then Belgrade fell to Bayezid II and Suleiman the Magnificent, respectively. In 1526 the Ottomans crushed the Hungarian army at Mohács with King Louis II of Hungary perishing along with 14,000-20,000 of his foot soldiers. Following this defeat, the eastern region of the Kingdom of Hungary (mainly Transylvania) became an Ottoman tributary state, constantly engaged in civil war with Royal Hungary. The war continued with the Habsburgs now asserting primacy in the conflict with Suleiman and his successors. The northern and western parts of Hungary managed to remain free from Ottoman rule, but the Kingdom of Hungary, the most powerful state east of Vienna under Matthias II, was now divided and at constant war with the Turks.

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Wikipedia