Orthohepadnavirus

Orthohepadnavirus
TEM micrograph showing hepatitis B virions
Virus classification
Group:	Group VII (dsDNA-RT)
Order:	Unassigned
Family:	Hepadnaviridae
Genus:	Orthohepadnavirus

Orthohepadnavirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Hepadnaviridae. Human and mammals serve as natural hosts. There are currently five species in this genus including the type species Hepatitis B virus. Diseases associated with this genus include: hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma (chronic infections), cirrhosis.

Viruses in Orthohepadnavirus are enveloped, with spherical geometries, and T=4 symmetry. The diameter is around 42 nm. Genomes are circular, around 3.2kb in length. The genome codes for 7 proteins.

Viral replication is nucleo-cytoplasmic. Replication follows the dsDNA(RT) replication model. DNA-templated transcription, specifically dsDNA(RT) transcription, with some alternative splicing mechanism is the method of transcription. Translation takes place by leaky scanning. The virus exits the host cell by budding, and nuclear pore export. Human and mammals serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are sexual, blood, and contact.

Group: ssRNA-RT

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