Ophthalmia Range

The Ophthalmia Range is a range in the Pilbara region of Western Australia. The range is approximately 1,190 kilometres (739 mi) north of Perth and the nearest town is Newman, which is approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) to the south in the Hamersley Range.

The first European to discover the range was the explorer Francis Thomas Gregory in 1861. On expedition he noted the obvious iron ore deposits that colour the range. The range was named in 1876 by Ernest Giles; Giles was temporarily blinded when he reached the area after travelling east from the headwaters of the Ashburton River and had to be led by his second in charge Alec Ross; he named the range after his condition at the time. Giles' vision later recovered and he left unimpressed with the land.

The next expedition to the area was conducted in 1896 when Aubrey Woodward Newman attempted to lead a party overland from Cue to Roebourne. Newman succumbed to typhoid before the expedition began and William Rudell took command. He later named Mount Newman (1,053 metres (3,455 ft)) in the Ophthalmia Range after his deceased leader.

The area was surveyed by a geologist named H. Talbot in 1913. Talbot travelled through the area north of Peak Hill as part of a larger survey that commenced in 1910. The survey was mostly interested in gold and copper, and made no mention of the iron ore deposits.

Mount Whaleback, which has been mined for iron ore for over 20 years, is a part of the Ophthalmia Range. The eastern end of the range is connected to the Hamersley Range.

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