Onehunga

Onehunga
Onehunga Mall from near the southern end
Location of Onehunga in Auckland
Basic information
Local authority	Auckland Council
Electoral ward	Maungakiekie-Tamaki
Local board	Maungakiekie-Tamaki
Board subdivision	Maungakiekie
Date established	1843 (European)
Population	7,824 (2006)
Facilities
Train station(s)	Onehunga Train Station (reopened 2010)
Surrounds
North	One Tree Hill
Northeast	Oranga
East	Te Papapa
Southeast	(Manukau Harbour)
South	(Manukau Harbour), Mangere Bridge
Southwest	(Manukau Harbour)
West	Hillsborough
Northwest	Royal Oak

Onehunga is a suburb of Auckland City in New Zealand and the location of the Port of Onehunga, the city's small port on the Manukau Harbour. It is eight kilometres south of the city centre, close to the volcanic cone of Maungakiekie/One Tree Hill.

Onehunga is a residential and light-industrial suburb. According to the 2006 census, there were 7,824 residents in Onehunga. There are almost 1,000 commercial and industrial businesses in the area. Onehunga stretches south from Royal Oak to the north shore of the Manukau Harbour. To the east are the areas of Oranga and Te Papapa; to the west, Hillsborough. On the southern shore of the Manukau Harbour, and linked to Onehunga by two bridges, is the suburb of Mangere Bridge.

Onehunga is slightly unusual in that it has a substantial underground freshwater source, the Onehunga aquifer, which it owes to rainwater soaking through the lava flows around One Tree Hill. While most of drinking water of the Auckland area is drawn from reservoirs in the Hunua and Waitakere Ranges, around 5% is drawn from the Onehunga aquifer. The up to 20,000 m³ that are daily drawn from the source receive treatment in a local plant before being fed into the freshwater supply network. In contrast, while the waters of Western Springs also seep through the city's lava fields, they are no longer used as a source of drinking water.

The port area of Onehunga is now much smaller than Auckland's east coast port on the Waitemata Harbour, although in the 19th century it was the larger. The wharves are located on reclaimed land bordering a low volcanic crater called Te Hopua, once occupied by a tidal lagoon opening to the southwest, but which was also reclaimed.

Onehunga's southwestern side, near the Mangere Harbour, lost its direct waterfront access in the 1970s, when the Southwest Motorway was built there. Only a tidal lagoon remains on the city side, though in 2008, there were proposals that the motorway (which is to be widened further) could be sunk into a trench to provide direct access to the harbour again. As of 2013, a project is underway to restore the Onehunga foreshore, which will be connected to the city-side park by a pedestrian and cycle bridge over State Highway 20.