Ometecuhtli

Ometeotl (Nahuatl pronunciation: [oːmeˈteoːt͡ɬ]) ("Dual Cosmic Energy") is a name sometimes used to refer to the pair of Mexica Energies Ometecuhtli and Omecihuatl (also known as Tonacatecuhtli and Tonacacihuatl). In the philosophies of the Anawak people, this energy, the creator of all creation, is known as Ometeotl. "Ome" translates as "two" or "dual" in the native language of Nahuatl and "teotl" translates as "cosmic energy". The existence of such a concept and its significance is a matter of dispute among scholars of Mesoamerican religion.

Multiple Nahuatl sources, notably the Florentine Codex, name the highest level of heaven Ōmeyōcān or "place of duality" (Sahagún specifically terms it "in ōmeyōcān in chiucnāuhnepaniuhcān" or "the place of duality, above the nine-tiered heavens)." In the Histoyre du Mechique, Franciscan priest André Thevet translated a Nahuatl source reporting that in this layer of heaven there existed "a god named Ometecuhtli, which means two-gods, and one of them was a goddess." The Historia de los mexicanos por sus pinturas names the inhabitants of the uppermost heaven Tonacatecuhtli and Tonacacihuatl (Lord and Lady of Abundance). Sahagún concurs that these are epithets of "in ōmetēuctli in ōmecihuātl," giving as another name of ōmeyōcān "in tōnacātēuctli īchān" ("the mansion of the Lord of Abundance").

There is some evidence that these two gods were considered aspects of a single being, as when a singer in Cantares Mexicanos asks where he can go given that "ōme ihcac yehhuān Dios" ("they, God, stand double"). The Historia de los Mexicanos por sus pinturas reports of the two that "se criaron [sic] y estuvieron siempre en el treceno cielo, de cuyo principio no se supo jamás, sino de su estada y creación, que fue en el treceno cielo" (they created themselves and had always been in the thirteenth heaven; nothing was ever known of their beginning, just their dwelling and creation, which were in the thirteenth heaven).

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