Oliver Samuel KC (1849 – 11 January 1925) was a 19th-century Member of Parliament from the Taranaki Region of New Zealand.
Born in Saint Helier, Jersey in 1849, Samuel emigrated to New Zealand with his family in 1855. He was educated at Nelson College from 1863 to 1865.
He represented the New Plymouth electorate from 1884 to 1890, when he retired.
On 22 January 1907, he was appointed to the Legislative Council. He was reappointed on 14 July 1914 and 14 July 1921. He remained a member until his death on 11 January 1925. From 19 November 1918 until his death, he was Chairman of Committees.