Oersted
Oersted (abbreviated as Oe) is the unit of the auxiliary magnetic field H in the CGS system of units. It is identical to Dyne/Maxwell.
In the CGS system, the unit of the H-field is the oersted and the unit of the B‑field is the gauss. In the SI system, the unit ampere per meter (A/m), which is equivalent to Newton/Weber, is used for the H‑field and the unit of Tesla is used for the B‑field.
The unit was established by the IEC in 1930 in honour of the Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted. Ørsted discovered the connection between magnetism and electric current when a magnetic field produced by a current-carrying copper bar deflected a magnetised needle during a lecture demonstration.
The oersted is defined as a dyne per unit pole. The oersted is 1000/4π (≈79.5774715) amperes per meter, in terms of SI units.
The H-field strength inside a long solenoid wound with 79.58 turns per meter of a wire carrying 1 A is approximately 1 oersted. The preceding statement is exactly correct if the solenoid considered is infinite in length with the current evenly distributed over its surface.
The oersted is closely related to the gauss, the CGS unit of magnetic flux density. In a vacuum, if the magnetizing field strength is 1 Oe, then the magnetic field density is 1 G, whereas, in a medium having permeability r (relative to permeability of vacuum), their relation is:
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