Obyekt 279

Object 279
Object 279 in the Kubinka Tank Museum
Type	Heavy tank
Place of origin	Soviet Union
Production history
Produced	1959
No. built	3
Specifications
Weight	60 metric tons
Length	6,770 mm (267 in)
length	11,085 mm (with the gun)
Width	3,400 mm
Height	2,639 mm
Crew	4 (driver, loader, gunner, commander)
Armor	319 mm – 217 mm (turret front and side) (at 30° – 50° from vertical) 269 mm – 93 mm (upper hull front) (at 45° – 75° from vertical) 258 mm – 121 mm (lower hull front) (at 45° – 70° from vertical) 182 mm – 100 mm (hull side) (at 45° – 65° from vertical)
Main armament	130 mm M-65 rifled gun L/60 (24 rounds)
Secondary armament	14.5 × 114 mm KPVT coaxial machine gun (800 rounds)
Engine	2DG-8M diesel engine 1000 hp
Operational range	300 km
Speed	55 km/h

Object 279 Kotin (Объект 279 Котин) was a Soviet experimental heavy tank developed at the end of 1959.

This special purpose tank was intended to fight on cross country terrain, inaccessible to conventional tanks, acting as a heavy breakthrough tank, and if necessary withstanding even the shockwave of a nuclear explosion. It was planned as a tank of the Supreme Command Reserve.

The tank was developed at the Kirov Plant in Leningrad by a group headed by the engineer L. Troyanov. The work on the tank started in 1957, which was based on a heavy tank operational requirements developed in 1956, and a pre-production tank was completed at the end of 1959.

This unique tank boasted increased cross-country capability. It featured four-track running gear mounted on two longitudinal, rectangular hollow beams, which were also used as fuel tanks. The tank suspension was hydro-pneumatic with complex hydrotransformer and three-speed planetary gearbox. The track adjuster was worm-type. The specific ground pressure of this heavy vehicle did not exceed 0.6 kg/cm². The track chain, running practically along the whole track length provided for increased cross-country capabilities on swampy terrain, soft soils and area full of cut trees, Czech hedgehogs, antitank obstacles and the like.

The tank was equipped with the powerful 1000 hp 2DG-8M diesel engine, enabling the 60 metric ton tank to attain 55 km/h speed, with active range of 300 km on one refuel. It also had auto fire-fighting systems, smoke laying equipment and a combat compartment heating and cooling system.

The tank hull, with a maximum armour thickness of 269 mm (10.6 in), was covered by a thin, elliptical shield protecting it against APDS and shaped charge ammunition, and preventing it from overturning by the shockwave in case of a nuclear explosion. It comprised large cast irregular shape structures of variable thickness and slope. The all-cast front part of the hull was rounded in shape with thin armour panels against HEAT projectiles, which ran around the edges of the front and sides of the hull. The sides of the hull were also cast and had similar protective armour panels.