Nikolay Bukharin
| Nikolai Bukharin Никола́й Буха́рин |
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| Full member of the 13th, 14th, 15th Politburo | |
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In office 2 June 1924 – 17 November 1929 |
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| Candidate member of the 8th, 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th Politburo | |
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In office 8 March 1919 – 2 June 1924 |
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| Personal details | |
| Born |
Никола́й Ива́нович Буха́рин Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin 9 October 1888 Moscow, Russian Empire |
| Died | 15 March 1938 (aged 49) Communarka shooting ground, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union |
| Cause of death | Execution |
| Nationality | Russian |
| Political party | Bolshevik, Communist Party |
| Spouse(s) | Anna Larina |
| Children | Svetlana, Yuri Larin |
| Parents | Ivan Gavrilovich and Liubov Ivanovna Bukharin |
| Education | Moscow University |
| Known for | Editor of Pravda, Izvestia, author of The Politics and Economics of the Transition Period, Imperialism and World Economy, co-author of The ABC of Communism, principal framer of the Soviet Constitution of 1936 |
Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin (Russian: Никола́й Ива́нович Буха́рин; 9 October [O.S. 27 September] 1888 – 15 March 1938) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet politician and prolific author on revolutionary theory.
As a young man, he spent six years in exile, working closely with fellow exiles Vladimir Lenin and Leon Trotsky. After the revolution of February 1917, he returned to Moscow, where his Bolshevik credentials earned him a high rank in the party, and after the October Revolution, he became editor of the party newspaper Pravda.
Within the Bolshevik Party, Bukharin was initially a Left Communist, but his gradual move from the left to the right from 1921, as a strong supporter and defender of the New Economic Policy (NEP), eventually saw him lead the Right Opposition. By late 1924, this had positioned Bukharin favourably as Joseph Stalin's chief ally, with Bukharin soon elaborating Stalin's new theory and policy of Socialism in One Country. Together, Bukharin and Stalin ousted Leon Trotsky, Grigory Zinoviev and Lev Kamenev from the party at the XVth Communist Party Congress in December 1927. From 1926 to 1929, Bukharin enjoyed great power as General Secretary of Comintern's executive committee. But Stalin’s decision to proceed with collectivisation drove the two men apart, and Bukharin was expelled from the Politburo in 1929.
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