Nikolai Vladimirovich Semashko (Cyrillic: Николай Владимирович Семашко; 1907 in the Russian Empire – March 4, 1976 in Moscow, Soviet Union) was a Soviet sports administrator. He was the head of the Soviet State Sports Committee (1939-1940 and 1950-1954). He also served as Vice President of the FIBA (1960-1976) and President of the Standing Conference of Europe (current FIBA Europe) (1967-1976). In 2007, he was enshrined as a contributor in the FIBA Hall of Fame.
The prize for the winning team at EuroBasket is called Nikolai Semashko Trophy.