Nikolai Kondratiev
| Nikolai Kondratiev | |
|---|---|
 |
|
| Born |
4 March 1892 Galuevskaya near Vichuga, Kineshma uyezd, Kostroma Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Died | 17 September 1938 (aged 46) Kommunarka firing range, Moscow Oblast, USSR |
| Nationality | Russian |
| Institution | Institute of Conjuncture |
| Field | Macroeconomics |
| School or tradition |
Marxian economics |
| Alma mater | University of St. Petersburg |
| Influences | Mikhail Tugan-Baranovsky |
| Influenced |
Joseph Schumpeter Ernest Mandel François Simiand Christopher Freeman Immanuel Wallerstein Eric Hobsbawm |
| Contributions | Kondratiev waves |
Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kondratiev (in some sources also referred as Kondratieff, Russian: Никола́й Дми́триевич Кондра́тьев; 4 March 1892 – 17 September 1938) was a Russian economist, who was a proponent of the New Economic Policy (NEP), which promoted small private, free market enterprises in the Soviet Union. He is best known for proposing the theory that Western capitalist economies have long term (50 to 60 years) cycles of boom followed by depression. These business cycles are now called "Kondratiev waves".
Nikolai Dimitrievich Kondratiev was born on 4 March 1892 in the province of Kostroma, north of Moscow, into a peasant family of Komi peoples heritage. He was tutored at the University of St. Petersburg before the 1917 Russian Revolution by Mikhail Tugan-Baranovsky. A member of the Socialist-Revolutionary Party, his initial professional work was in the area of agricultural economics and statistics and the problem of food supplies. On 5 October 1917, at the age of 25, he was appointed Deputy Minister of Supply of the last Alexander Kerensky government, which lasted for only a few days.
After the revolution, Kondratiev pursued academic research. In 1919, he was appointed to a teaching post at the Agricultural Academy of Peter the Great. In October 1920 he founded the Institute of Conjuncture, in Moscow. As its first director, he developed it into a large and respected institution with 51 researchers by 1923.
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