Nicholas V
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Pope Nicholas V |
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| Bishop of Rome | |
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| Papacy began | 6 March 1447 |
| Papacy ended | 24 March 1455 |
| Predecessor | Eugene IV |
| Successor | Callixtus III |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 1422 by Niccolò Albergati |
| Consecration | 17 March 1447 |
| Created Cardinal | 16 December 1446 by Eugene IV |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Tommaso Parentucelli |
| Born |
15 November 1397 Sarzana, Republic of Genoa |
| Died | 24 March 1455 (aged 57) Rome, Papal States |
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Papal styles of Pope Nicholas V |
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| Reference style | His Holiness |
| Spoken style | Your Holiness |
| Religious style | Holy Father |
| Posthumous style | None |
Pope Nicholas V (Latin: Nicholaus V) (15 November 1397 – 24 March 1455), born Tommaso Parentucelli, was Pope from 6 March 1447 until his death. Pope Eugene made him a cardinal in 1446 after successful trips to Italy and Germany, and when Eugene died the next year Parentucelli was elected in his place. He took his name Nicholas in memory of his obligations to Niccolò Albergati. The Pontificate of Nicholas saw the fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Turks, and decrees which effectively sanctioned slavery. By the Concordat of Vienna he secured the recognition of papal rights over bishoprics and benefices. He also brought about the submission of the last of the antipopes, Felix V, and the dissolution of the Synod of Basle. A key figure in the Roman Renaissance, Nicholas sought to make Rome the home of literature and art. He strengthened fortifications, restored aqueducts, and rebuilt many churches. The glories of the Leonine City, the Vatican, and the Basilica of St. Peter must be considered part of his legacy.
His mother, Andreola Bosi of Fivizzano, married Bartolomeo Parentucelli, a physician who practiced medicine in Sarzana, an important town in Lunigiana. The Lunigiana region had long been fought over by competing Tuscan and Ligurian forces. While Fivizzano would remain a key center of Florentine power in Tuscan Lunigiana, Tommaso Parentucelli, was born in Sarzana in 1397, just three years after the town was taken back from the Florentines by the Genoese Republic. His father died while he was young. Parentucelli later became a tutor, in Florence, to the families of the Strozzi and Albizzi, where he met the leading humanist scholars.
He studied at Bologna and Florence, gaining a degree in theology in 1422. Bishop Niccolò Albergati was so awestruck with his capabilities that he took him into his service and gave him the chance to pursue his studies further by sending him on a tour through Germany, France and England. He was able to collect books, for which he had an intellectual's passion, wherever he went. Some of them survive with his marginal annotations.
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Wikipedia