New York City ethnic enclaves

Since its founding in 1625 by Dutch traders as New Amsterdam, New York City has been a major destination for immigrants of many nationalities who have formed ethnic enclaves, neighborhoods dominated by one ethnicity. Freed African American slaves also moved to New York City in the Great Migration and the later Second Great Migration and formed ethnic enclaves. These neighborhoods are set apart from the main city by differences such as food, goods for sale, or even language. Ethnic enclaves provide inhabitants security in work and social opportunities, but limit economic opportunities, do not encourage the development of English speaking, and keep immigrants in their own culture.

As of 2000^[update], 36% of the population of New York City are immigrants.African Americans, Haitian Americans, Jamaican Americans, Indo-Caribbean Americans, and Trinidadian Americans have all formed Caribbean ethnic enclaves in New York. Asian ethnic groups with enclaves in New York include Chinese Americans, Japanese Americans, Filipino Americans, Indian Americans, Indo-Caribbean Americans, Afghan Americans, Burmese Americans, Bangladeshi Americans, Nepalese Americans, Sri Lankan Americans, Bhutanese Americans, Thai Americans, Pakistani Americans, Indonesian Americans, Malaysian Americans, Taiwanese Americans, and Korean Americans. European ethnic groups with ethnic enclaves include Greek Americans, Irish Americans, Italian Americans, Albanian Americans, Jewish Americans, Polish Americans, and Russian Americans. Latin American groups with ethnic enclaves include Dominican Americans, Guyanese, Salvadoran American, Ecuadorian American, Mexican Americans, and Puerto Ricans. Middle Eastern ethnic groups that have formed ethnic enclaves include Palestinian Americans, Jordanian Americans, Egyptian Americans, Syrian Americans and Lebanese Americans. As many as 800 languages are spoken in New York, making it the most linguistically diverse city in the world.

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