New Russia Governorate
| New Russia Governorate Novorossiya Governorate |
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| Governorate of Russian Empire | |||||
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| Capital |
St Elizabeth Fort (1764) Kremenchug (1765-1776) Yekaterinoslav I (Novorossiysk) (1776-1783) |
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| History | |||||
| • | Established | March 22, 1764 | |||
| • | First disestablishment | 1783 | |||
| • | Reestablished | December 1796 | |||
| • | Disestablished | 1783 | |||
| Political subdivisions | provinces, uyezds | ||||
New Russia Governorate, or Novorossiya Governorate (Russian: Новоросси́йская губе́рния; translit.: Novorossiyskaya guberniya), was a governorate of the Russian Empire in the previously Ottoman and Cossack territories, that existed from 1764 until the 1783 administrative reform. It was created and governed according to the "Plan for the Colonization of New Russia Gubernia" issued by the Russian Senate. It became the first region in Russia where Catherine the Great allowed foreign Jews to settle.
Most of its territories belonged to the Zaporizhian Sich as well as the Poltava Regiment and Myrhorod Regiment of the Cossack Hetmanate. Its establishment was strategically successful and advantageous for Russia, and upon the conclusion of the war it gave a way for it to access the Black Sea and establish an area that became known as New Russia. It was created based on the Military Frontier of the Austrian Empire against the Ottoman Empire and involved many military units from the region that were resettled in Ukraine. The military units included mounted cossacks (or hussars) and mounted pikers (or lancers).
In 1796, the governorate was reestablished, but not with the centre in Kremenchug but in Ekaterinoslav, and in 1802 was split into three governorates: the Ekaterinoslav Governorate, the Taurida Governorate, the Nikolayev Governorate (known as the Kherson Governorate from 1803).
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