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Neutral red

Neutral red
Neutral red
Sample of neutral red.jpg
Solid Neutral Red
Neutral Red Aqueous Solution.jpg
Neutral Red Aqueous Solution
Names
IUPAC name
3-Amino-7-dimethylamino-2-methylphenazine hydrochloride
Other names
toluylene red
Identifiers
553-24-2 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
ChEBI CHEBI:86370 N
ChemSpider 10634 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.008.215
Properties
C15H17ClN4
Molar mass 288.78 g/mol
Melting point 290 °C (554 °F; 563 K)
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
N  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Neutral red (toluylene red, Basic Red 5, or C.I. 50040) is a eurhodin dye used for staining in histology. It stains lysosomes red. It is used as a general stain in histology, as a counterstain in combination with other dyes, and for many staining methods. Together with Janus Green B, it is used to stain embryonal tissues and supravital staining of blood. Can be used for staining Golgi apparatus in cells and Nissl granules in neurons.

In microbiology, it is used in the MacConkey agar to differentiate bacteria for lactose fermentation.

Neutral red can be used as a vital stain. Live cells incorporate neutral red into their lysosomes. As cells begin to die, their ability to incorporate neutral red diminishes. Thus, loss of neutral red uptake corresponds to loss of cell viability. It is also used to stain cell cultures for plate titration of viruses.

Neutral red is added to some growth media for bacterial and cell cultures. It usually is available as a chloride salt.

Neutral red acts as a pH indicator, changing from red to yellow between pH 6.8 and 8.0.


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