Neopsychanalyse

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The term "neo-Freudian" is sometimes loosely (but accurately) used to cover those early followers of Freud who at some point accepted the basic tenets of Freud's theory of psychoanalysis but later dissented from it. "The best-known of these dissenters are Alfred Adler and Carl Jung...The Dissidents".

The "Independent Analysts" Group of the British Psycho-Analytical Society, as distinct from the Kleinians and what are now called the "Contemporary Freudians", who include figures such as Christopher Bollas, D. W. Winnicott and Adam Phillips, are—like the ego-psychologists such as Heinz Hartmann or the intersubjectivist analysts in the States—perhaps best thought of as "different schools of psychoanalytic thought", or as "Post-Freudians...post-Freudian developments".

An interest in the social approach to psychodynamics was the major theme linking the so-called Neo-Freudians. Adler had perhaps been "the first to explore and develop a comprehensive social theory of the psychodynamic self", and, "after Adler's death, some of his views...came to exert considerable influence on neo-Freudian theory". Indeed, it has been suggested of "Horney and Sullivan...that these theorists could be more accurately described as 'neo-Adlerians' than 'neo-Freudians'".

As early as 1936, however, Erich Fromm had been independently regretting that psychoanalysts "did not concern themselves with the variety of life experience...and therefore did not try to explain psychic structure as determined by social structure".

Horney too "emphasised the role culture exerts in the development of personality and downplayed the classical driven features outlined by Freud".

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