Neo-Communist Party of the Soviet Union
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Neo-Communist Party of the Soviet Union
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| Founded | September 1975 |
| Dissolved | January 1985 |
| Membership | 32 members (before 1980) 20 members (after 1980) |
| Ideology |
Communism, Neo-Marxism, Atheism, Existentialism, Guevarism |
| Political position | New Left |
The Neo-Communist Party of the Soviet Union (NCPSU, Russian: Неокоммунистическая партия Советского Союза, НКПСС) was a clandestine radical left group, which existed in the Soviet Union between September 1974 and January 1985. NCPSU is seen by modern researchers as one of the first organizations of the New Left in the USSR. However, Austrian researcher Hans Azenbaum, who studied the ideology of NCPSU, tends to view this party as the one focusing on the "third way", i.e. neither capitalism, nor real socialism.
The party was the result of a merger of two clandestine radical left groups: Party of New Communists (PNC) (Russian: Партия новых коммунистов (ПНК) and "Left School" (Russian: Левая школа), which have been formed simultaneously, but independently from each other in December 1972 - January 1973. Members of the two groups have established contact in September 1973; the possibility of a merger was broached in May 1974, but it was not until September 1974 that the groups had joined forces.
After the merger the two groups ideologically enriched each other through bringing together the ideas of Trotskyism and the New Left (mainly Herbert Marcuse, Che Guevara and Régis Debray) by PNC and the ideas of French atheist existentialism (essentially, Jean-Paul Sartre, Albert Camus and Antoine de Saint-Exupéry) by the "Left School".
NCPSU members were planning to hold a founding congress in January 1977 (with July as a fallback). It had been expected that the congress would elect the party's governing body - Central Committee, discuss and adopt the Charter and the Programme of NCPSU. Prior to that "The Principles of Neo-communism" (Russian: Принципы неокоммунизма) - written by Alexander Tarasov in November 1973 and adapted in May–June 1974 at the request of the "Left School" for the newly created organization - were accepted by its members as a temporary theoretical document of NCPSU.
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