Nehru Setu

NEHRU SETU
Longest Bridge Of India when constructed
Coordinates	24°53′33″N 84°12′58″E / 24.8925°N 84.2162°E / 24.8925; 84.2162
Carries	Grand Chord railway track
Crosses	Son River
Locale	Dehri-Son Nagar
Official name	UPPER SONE BRIDGE
Characteristics
Design	Steel girders on stone pillars
Material	Stone & Steel
Total length	3,059 metres (10,036 ft)
No. of spans	93 of 30,48M EACH
History
Opened	27 February 1900

Nehru Setu (Hindi: नेहरू सेतु) (earlier referred to as the Upper Son Bridge), across the Son River, between Dehri-on-Son and Son Nagar, in Bihar, is the second longest railway bridge in India, after Vembanad Rail Bridge in Kerala; however, when it was constructed it was the longest bridge of India. However, the latter is meant only for goods traffic.

Sir John Houlton, the veteran British administrator, who spent many years in the state, describes the Son as follows, “After passing the steep escarpments of the Kaimur range, it flows straight across the plain to the Ganges. For much of this distance it is over two miles – and at one point, opposite Tilothu – three miles wide. In the dry weather there is vast expanse of sand, with a stream not more than a hundred yards wide, and the hot west winds pile up the sand on the east bank, making natural embankments. After heavy rain in the hills even this wide bed cannot carry the waters of the Son and disastrous floods in Shahabad, Gaya, and Patna are not uncommon.”

When the railway line between Kolkata and Delhi was first laid, it passed through Bhagalpur, Lakhisarai, Patna and Mughalsarai, covering a distance of 1,636 km. Subsequently, the Grand Chord line via Gaya reduced the distance by 80 km. The main line crosses the Son over the Koilwar bridge and the Dehri-Son Nagar bridge accommodates the Grand Chord line.

Steel girders resting on 93 stone pillars, each a hundred feet apart, forms the rail bridge. The total length of the bridge over abutments is 3,064 metres (10,052 ft). It was opened for traffic on 27 February 1900. When it was built, it was the longest bridge in India and was believed to be the second longest bridge in the world. Subsequently, longer road bridges were built but it remained the longest rail bridge for many years. The opening of the 4.62 km Vembanad Rail Bridge, connecting the Container Transshipment Terminal on Vallarpadam Island to Edappally, in February 2011, pushed it to the second position.