Neckwear refers to various styles of clothing worn around the (human) neck. They are worn for fashion, combat, or protection against the influences of weather. Common neckwear today include bow ties, neckties (cravat), scarves, feather boas and shawls. Historically, ruffs and bands were worn.
Mary Sidney wearing a ruff
Erkki Kourula, Justice of the International Criminal Court, wearing a jabot
German politician Dieter Reiter wearing a necktie
George Augustus Henry Sala, wearing an ascot
1818 pamphlet depicting cravat knot styles