Naxalite Movement
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Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)
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| Founder | Charu Majumdar, Kanu Sanyal |
| Founded | 22 April 1969 |
| Dissolved | 31 July 1972 |
| Ideology | Marxism-Leninism |
| Colours | Red |
The Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) was formed by the All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries (AICCCR) at a congress in Calcutta in 1969. The foundation of the party was declared by Kanu Sanyal at a mass meeting in Calcutta on 22 April (Lenin's birthday).
Later the party splintered into hundreds of minor Naxal/Maoist terrorist groups.
The CPI(ML) party was formed by the radicals within the Communist Party of India (Marxist) who were becoming increasingly concerned about the parliamentary politics of CPI(M). They alleged that the CPI(M) party leadership was turning towards revisionism and simultaneously a debate ensued which finally let to expulsion of the radicalised faction within the CPI(M) and led to the formation of CPI(ML). CPI(ML) advocated armed revolution and denounced participation in the electoral process. The party leaders were Charu Majumdar and Saroj Dutta, both of whom had belonged to the left-wing within CPI(M) in northern West Bengal. Kanu Sanyal, Jongol Santhal and his followers had mobilized a revolutionary peasants movement in Naxalbari, which evolved into an armed uprising of the mostly Santhal tribal inhabitants. CPI(ML) saw Naxalbari as the spark that would start a new Indian revolution, and the movement came to be known as 'naxalites'. In several parts of India, for example Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, different parts of West Bengal and in Srikakulam in northern Andhra Pradesh CPI(ML) organized guerilla units. The party got moral support from China, which actively encouraged the attempts of CPI(ML) to launch revolution.
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