Naphegy

Naphegy (German: Sonnenberg, meaning "Sun Hill") is a hill and neighbourhood in Budapest, Hungary. It is part of Krisztinaváros and administratively belongs to the 1st District.

Naphegy rises south of the center of Krisztinaváros, between Gellérthegy and Tabán. Its boundaries are Hegyalja út, Naphegy utca, Gellérthegy utca and Mészáros utca.

The highest point (154 m) is on Naphegy tér (Naphegy Circus).

The history of Naphegy is inseparable from that of the neighboring Tabán and Gellérthegy. In the Middle Ages the hill was called Nyárshegy ("Stake Hill"), probably referring to its function as a scaffold. (The name is preserved in the name of today's Nyárs Street, where the traitor Lieutenant Conrad Fink – who, during the 1686 siege of Buda, planned to surrender the Castle of Buda to the Pasha of Fehérvár – was executed in 1687.)

In 1686 Buda was freed from the Turks. Naphegy played a vital role in this: from the hill the castle walls could be kept under incessant cannon fire. In the 17th–18th centuries newly settled Serbs resurrected viticulture in the area. (The phylloxera epidemic of the 1880s brought vinegrowing to the end.) The slopes of the hill remained unbuilt for centuries. A map by Benedict J. from 1896 shows the hill still unbuilt at that time.

On a map from 1885 five streets of Naphegy are mentioned: Mészáros (Butcher), Gellérthegy ("Gellért Hill"), Naphegy, Lisznyai and Czakó Streets. The area bordered by these streets was still unbuilt. The immediate surroundings of today's Naphegy tér were still empty according to the Meyers Konversations-Lexikon, published in 1905, but the Révai Lexicon published between 1910–1914 shows the whole area built up. Most of the buildings on Naphegy today were built between 1910–1939.

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