Nambuthiri

The Nambudiri Brahmins, also transliterated Namboothiri, are Hindu Brahmins from the Indian state of Kerala. For centuries they held a dominating influence in all matters in the region, be it religion, politics, society, economics or culture.

Nambudiri mythology associates their immigration to Kerala from the banks of Narmada, Krishna and Kaveri rivers with the legendary creation of Kerala by Parasurama, an avatar of Vishnu. Parasuarama created sixty four brahmin settlements ;32 thulu brahmins villages and 32 malayala brahmin settlements from gokaranam to kanyakumari

Cyriac Pullapilly has noted a theory that the Nambudiris are associated by some with the development of the caste system in Kerala, Pullapilly refers to other theories also but of this one he says that although Brahmin influences had existed in the area since at least the 1st-century AD, there was a large influx of these people from around the 8th-century when they acted as priests, counsellors and ministers to local kings and invading Aryan princes. At the time of their arrival the non-aboriginal local population had been converted to Buddhism by missionaries, probably under the Kalabhras who had come from the north of India and from Ceylon. The Nambudiris are counted as the 3000 Chidambaram Dikshitars who fled the Kalabhra king, Kutruva Nayanar to the Chera country. This is ascertained by the fact that Adi Sankara is counted as both from Chidambaram and being born a Nambudiri. Also there are commonalities in hair style, type of non-Agama Ambalam temples, etc.., The Brahmins used their priestly and advisory relationship with the invading forces to assert their beliefs and position. Buddhist temples and monasteries were either destroyed or taken over for use in Hindu practices, thus undermining the ability of the Buddhists to propagate their beliefs. The Brahmins treated almost all of those who acceded to their priestly status as Shudra, permitting only a small number to be recognised as Kshatriya, these being some of the local rulers who co-operated with them. By the 11th-century, this combination of association with kings and invaders, and with the destruction or take-over of Buddhist temples, made the Brahmins by far the largest land-owning group in the region and they remained so until very recent times. The origins of Malayalam as a language is also attributed to the Nambudiri Brahamin's mixing of Sanskrit and the local Tamil language. Their dominating influence was to be found in all matters: religion, politics, society, economics and culture.

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