Murat III
| Murad III مراد ثالث |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caliph of Islam Amir al-Mu'minin Sultan of the Ottoman Empire Custodian of the Two Holy Mosques |
|||||
 |
|||||
| 12th Ottoman Sultan (Emperor) | |||||
| Reign | 15 December 1574 – 16 January 1595 | ||||
| Predecessor | Selim II | ||||
| Successor | Mehmed III | ||||
| Born | 4 July 1546 Bozdağan or Manisa |
||||
| Died | 15/16 January 1595 (aged 48) Topkapı Palace of Constantinople |
||||
| Consorts |
Safiye Sultan Şemsiruhsar Hatun Şahıhuban Hatun |
||||
|
|||||
| Dynasty | House of Osman | ||||
| Father | Selim II | ||||
| Mother | Nurbanu Sultan | ||||
| Tughra |  |
||||
| Full name | |
|---|---|
| Murad bin Selim |
Murad III (Ottoman Turkish: مراد ثالث Murād-i sālis, Turkish:III.Murat) (4 July 1546 – 15/16 January 1595) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1574 until his death in 1595.
Born in Bozdağan or Manisa, Şehzade Murad was the son of Sultan Selim II and Afife Nurbanu Sultan. After his ceremonial circumcision in 1557, Murad was appointed sancakbeyi of Akşehir by Suleyman I (his grandfather) in 1558. At the age of 18 he was appointed sancakbeyi of Saruhan. Suleiman died when Murad was 20, and his father became the new sultan. Selim II broke with tradition by sending only his oldest son out of the palace to govern a province, and Murad was sent to Manisa.
Selim died in 1574 and was succeeded by Murad, who began his reign by having his five younger brothers strangled. His authority was undermined by the harem influences, more specifically, those of his mother and later of his favorite wife Safiye Sultan. The power had only been maintained under Selim II by the genius of the powerful Grand Vizier Mehmed Sokollu who remained in office until his assassination in October 1579. During Murad's reign the northern borders with the Habsburg Monarchy were defended by the Bosnian governor Hasan Predojević. The reign of Murad III was marked by exhausting wars on the empire's western and eastern fronts. The Ottomans also faced defeats during battles such as the Battle of Sisak.
The Ottomans had been at peace with the neighbouring rivalling Safavid Empire since 1555, per the Treaty of Amasya, that for some time had settled border disputed. But in 1577 Murad declared war, starting the Ottoman–Safavid War (1578–90), seeking to take advantage of the chaos in the Safavid court after the death of Shah Tahmasp I. He was influenced by viziers Lala Kara Mustafa Pasha and Sinan Pasha and disregarded the opposing counsel of Grand Vizier Mehmed Sokollu. The war would drag on for 12 years, ending with the Istanbul Treaty of 1590, which resulted in temporary significant territorial gains for the Ottomans.
...
Wikipedia